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Mortalité liée au sida et caractéristiques des ménages en Afrique du Sud rurale : implications pour l’utilisation des ressources naturelles et le développement
ZA1
Le projet explore les relations entre les caractéristiques des ménages, leur expérience de la mortalité des adultes dans la force de l’âge et leurs modes d’utilisation des ressources naturelles dans un sous-district rural de l’Afrique du Sud. En combinant des sources démographiques sur les ménages, des résultats d’enquêtes sur les ressources naturelles et le développement, ainsi que d’entretiens qualitatifs, l’analyse a non seulement montré les relations entre sélection des ressources naturelles et caractéristiques des ménages mais dévoilé aussi le lien entre l’expérience de la mortalité adulte et la manière dont les ménages sélectionnent, utilisent, consomment et acquièrent des ressources naturelles cruciales. Enfin, ce projet permet de souligner les implications de ces relations pour le développement dans un contexte de mortalité croissante des adultes atteints du sida parmi des communautés rurales pauvres.Fiche signalétique
Country : South Africa
Language : English
Team Leader : Wayne Twine, Centre for African Ecology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag X420, Acornhoek, 1360, South Africa Tel. : (27-15) 7937500 ; Fax : (27-15) 7937509
Team members :
Other collaborating institutions :
Agincourt Health and Population Unit, (AHPU), University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
Institute for Behavioral Sciences (IBS), University of Colorado at Boulder, USA.
Total budget : 40000 €
Project status : completed and (...)
Problem, objectives, contexts and challenges
This project sought to explore relationships between household characteristics and experience of a prime-age adult mortality, and household use patterns of key natural resources in a rural sub-district of South Africa. The implications of such associations for development in rural African settings were assessed in a context of rising adult mortality due to HIV/AIDS, increasing levels of environmental degradation, and the centrality of natural resources in rural livelihoods. The study was (...)
Methodology
The Agincourt sub-district of the Bushbuckridge is located in the region of the Limpopo Province, South Africa. The Agincourt sub-district, named after one of the local villages, consists of 21 villages, comprising over 12 000 households and 70 000 people. This is the demographic surveillance site of the Agincourt Health and Population Unit (AHPU) of the University of the Witwatersrand. The area is typical of rural communities across South Africa, and is characterised by poverty, high human (...)
Findings
Before examining the effects of household characteristics and experience of adult mortality on household resource use, we first consider general patterns of use of fuelwood and water in order to understand the context. Although the centrality of water in livelihoods is a given, the high reliance on fuelwood is an important finding. Over 90% of households used fuelwood, despite the fact that over 80% of all households had electricity. This illustrates the context of poverty, in which (...)
Conclusions and policy implications
With regard to mortality, both quantitative and qualitative data reveal that adult mortality experience influences natural resource selection and collection strategies. Specifically, interview data suggest that wages lost due to the death of an adult member further reduce the likelihood that a household will be in a position to afford electricity for cooking, and hence climb the “energy ladder”. In this case, mortality exacerbates poverty, with poverty being the factor most shaping natural (...)